one 2022 study used two magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scans in 785 participants. Researchers found brain changes in the 401 cases who tested positive for COVID-19 between each scan. Changes included:
reduced gray matter (the outer layer of the brain)
tissue damage in areas of the brain connected to smell
decreased brain size
reduced gray matter (the outer layer of the brain)
tissue damage in areas of the brain connected to smell
decreased brain size
The study also found that the same participants who showed brain shrinkage were at a greater risk of experiencing cognitive decline. There was more tissue damage in the areas of the brain that control smell.
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